Izindaba - Ngomehluko phakathi kwemabula negwadle

Kumehluko phakathi kwemabula negwadle

Indlela yokuhlukanisa imabula ku-granite ukubona iphethini yabo.Iphethini yeimabulaucebile, iphethini yomugqa ibushelelezi, futhi ukushintsha kombala kucebile.Iigwadleamaphethini anamachashaza, awekho amaphethini asobala, futhi imibala ngokuvamile imhlophe nempunga, futhi inobunye uma kuqhathaniswa.

II-Granite
I-granite ingeyetshe elivuthayo, okwakhiwa ukuqhuma kwe-magma engaphansi komhlaba kanye nokuhlasela kwe-crystallization epholile kanye namadwala e-metamorphic egwadle.Ngesakhiwo esibonakalayo sekristalu nokuthungwa.Yakhiwa i-feldspar (ngokuvamile i-potassium feldspar ne-oligoclase) ne-quartz, ehlanganiswe nenani elincane le-mica (i-mica emnyama noma i-mica emhlophe) kanye nokulandelela amaminerali, njenge: zircon, apatite, magnetite, ilmenite, sphene nokunye.Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-granite yi-silica, okuqukethwe kwayo cishe ku-65% - 85%.Amakhemikhali e-granite abuthakathaka futhi ane-asidi.Ngokuvamile, i-granite imhlophe kancane noma impunga, futhi ngenxa yamakristalu amnyama, ukubukeka kungamachashaza, futhi ukungezwa kwe-potassium feldspar kwenza kube bomvu noma inyama.I-Granite eyakhiwe nge-magmatic cooling slowly crystallization, igqitshwe ekujuleni ngaphansi komhlaba, lapho izinga lokupholisa lihamba kancane ngokungavamile, izokwakha ukuthungwa okumahhedla kakhulu kwegwadle, okwaziwa nge-crystalline granite.Igwadle namanye amatshe ekristalu enza isisekelo se-continental plate, okuphinde kube yitshe elivame kakhulu elingenelayo elivezwe phezu komhlaba.

Nakuba igwadle kubhekwa impahla encibilikayo noma igneous rock magma, kodwa kunobufakazi obuningi obusikisela ukuthi ukwakheka ezinye granite kuwumkhiqizo deformation wendawo noma rock odlule, bona hhayi ngokusebenzisa uketshezi noma ukuncibilika inqubo futhi uhlele kabusha futhi recrystallization.Isisindo segwadle siphakathi kuka-2.63 no-2.75, futhi amandla ayo okucindezela angu-1,050 ~ 14,000 kg/sq cm (15,000 ~ 20, 000 pounds per inch square).Ngenxa yokuthi i-granite inamandla kune-sandstone, i-limestone ne-marble, kunzima ukuyikhipha.Ngenxa yezimo ezikhethekile kanye nezici zesakhiwo esiqinile se-granite, inezindawo ezilandelayo eziyingqayizivele:
(1) inokusebenza okuhle kokuhloba, ingasebenza endaweni yomphakathi kanye nokuhloba kwangaphandle.
(2) ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokucubungula: ukusaha, ukusika, ukupholisha, ukubhola, ukuqopha, njll. Ukunemba kwayo komshini kungaba ngaphansi kuka-0.5 mu m, futhi ukukhanya kungaphezu kuka-1600.
(3) ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle, izikhathi ezi-5-10 eziphakeme kune-cast iron.
(4) i-coefficient yokwandisa okushisayo incane futhi akulula ukuyilimaza.Ifana nensimbi ye-indium, encane kakhulu ekushiseni.
(5) imodulus enkulu enwebekayo, ephakeme kunensimbi ewugqinsi.
(6) iqinile, i-coefficient yangaphakathi yokudambisa inkulu, iphindwe izikhathi ezingu-15 kunensimbi.I-Shockproof, i-shock absorber.
(7) igwadle liyaphuka futhi lilahleka kancane ngemva kokulimala, okungaphazamisi ukuvuleka okuphelele.
(8) izici zamakhemikhali zegwadle zizinzile futhi akulula ukumelana nazo, ezingamelana ne-asidi, i-alkali nokugqwala kwegesi.Izici zayo zamakhemikhali zilingana ngqo nokuqukethwe kwe-silicon dioxide, futhi impilo yayo yesevisi ingaba iminyaka engaba ngu-200.
(9) igwadle linensimu kazibuthe engeyona e-conductive, engeyona e-conductive kanye nenkundla ezinzile.

Ngokuvamile, i-granite ihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu ezihlukene:
Ama-granite amahle: isilinganiso sobubanzi bekristalu ye-feldspar singu-1/16 kuya ku-1/8 we-intshi.
I-granite enezinhlamvu ezimaphakathi: ububanzi obumaphakathi bekristalu ye-feldspar cishe bungu-1/4 we-intshi.
Ama-granite amaholo: isilinganiso sobubanzi bekristalu ye-feldspar singaba yi-intshi engu-1/2 nobubanzi obukhudlwana, okunye kuze kube ngamasentimitha ambalwa.Ukuminyana kwama-granite amaholoholo kuphansi kakhulu.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-granite yenza amaphesenti angu-83 ezinto zamatshe ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kanye namaphesenti angu-17 emabula.

Iimabula
Imabula yakhiwe kusukela emadwaleni e-metamorphic of sedimentary rocks kanye namadwala e-sedimentary, futhi iyidwala le-metamorphic elakhiwe ngemva kokwenziwa kabusha kwe-limestone, ngokuvamile nokuthungwa kwezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo.Ingxenye eyinhloko yi-calcium carbonate, okuqukethwe kwayo okungama-50-75%, okuyi-alkaline ebuthakathaka.Enye imabula iqukethe inani elithile le-silicon dioxide, enye ayinayo i-silica.Ama-surface streaks ngokuvamile awavamile futhi anokuqina okuphansi.Ukwakheka kwemabula kunezinto ezilandelayo:
(1) impahla yokuhlobisa enhle, imabula ayinayo imisebe futhi igqamile futhi inemibala, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi odongeni lwangaphakathi nokuhlobisa phansi.Ukusebenza kahle kwemishini: ukusika, ukusika, ukupholisha, ukubhola, ukuqopha, njll.
(2) imabula inempahla enhle ekwazi ukumelana nokuguga futhi akulula ukuguga, futhi ukuphila kwayo kwenkonzo ngokuvamile kuyiminyaka engaba ngu-50-80.
(3) embonini, imabula isetshenziswa kakhulu.Isibonelo: isetshenziselwa izinto ezingavuthiwe, i-ejenti yokuhlanza, i-solvent ye-metallurgical, njll.
(4) imabula inezici ezifana nenkundla engaconductive, engaqhubeki futhi ezinzile.

Ngokombono webhizinisi, wonke amatshe e-limestone emvelo napholishiwe abizwa ngemabula, njengamatshe ama-dolomite namatshe enyoka.Njengoba kungeyona yonke imabula elungele zonke izikhathi zokwakha, imabula kufanele ihlukaniswe izigaba ezine: A, B, C kanye no-D. Le ndlela yokuhlukanisa isebenza ikakhulukazi kumabula C no-D acwebezelayo, adinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile ngaphambi kokufakwa noma ukufakwa. .

I-Marble slab esekela ingcina ekuqiniseni nasekuvikeleni

Ukuhlukaniswa okuqondile kungokulandelayo:
Ikilasi A: imabula yekhwalithi ephezulu efanayo, ikhwalithi yokucubungula enhle kakhulu, engenakho ukungcola kanye ne-stomata.
Isigaba B: isici siseduze nohlobo lwangaphambili lwemabula, kodwa ikhwalithi yokucubungula imbi kakhulu kuneyangaphambili;Yiba nokukhubazeka kwemvelo;Inani elincane lokuhlukanisa, i-gluing nokugcwalisa kuyadingeka.
C: kukhona umehluko ekucutshungulweni kwekhwalithi;Amaphutha, i-stomata kanye nokuphuka kokuthungwa kuvame kakhulu.Ubunzima bokulungisa lo mehluko bungafinyelelwa ngokuhlukanisa, ukunamathisela, ukugcwalisa, noma ukuqinisa eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela.
Isigaba D: izici ziyafana nohlobo lwemabula C, kodwa liqukethe ukukhubazeka okwengeziwe kwemvelo, futhi umehluko wekhwalithi yokucubungula mkhulu kakhulu, futhi indlela efanayo iyadingeka ukuthi icutshungulwe izikhathi eziningi.Lolu hlobo lwemabula lunezinto eziningi zamatshe ezinombala ocebile, zinenani elihle kakhulu lokuhloba.

Umehluko wokusetshenziswa kwe-marble granite
Umehluko osobala kakhulu phakathi kwe-granite ne-marble ukuthi enye ingaphandle futhi enye ingaphakathi kakhulu.Iningi lezinto zamatshe emvelo ezibonakala ngaphakathi ziyimabula, kanti itshe lemvelo elimachashaza elisendaweni egandaywe ngamatshe yigwadle.

Kungani kunendawo esobala kangaka yokuhlukanisa?
Isizathu ukuthi i-granite ayigugi futhi imelana nokugqwala, umoya nelanga nakho kungasebenzisa isikhathi eside.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwe-granite yezinga le-radioactive, kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-ABC: imikhiqizo yeklasi A ingasetshenziswa kunoma yisiphi isimo, kuhlanganise nezakhiwo zamahhovisi kanye namakamelo omndeni.Imikhiqizo ye-Class B inomsakazo omningi kune-class A, ayisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwekamelo lokulala, kodwa ingasetshenziswa endaweni yangaphakathi nengaphandle yazo zonke ezinye izakhiwo.Imikhiqizo ye-C inemisebe eminingi kuno-A no-B, engasetshenziswa kuphela ekuqedweni kwangaphandle kwezakhiwo;Inani lokulawula elijwayelekile elingaphezu kuka-C letshe lemvelo, lingasetshenziselwa kuphela izindonga zasolwandle, izinsimbi kanye nezinsimbi.

Amathayili egwadle amnyama wamaphoyisa eklabhu ye-floor

Amathayela e-Granite wesitezi esingaphandle
Imabula yinhle futhi ifanele ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi.I-Marble land inhle, ikhanya futhi ihlanzekile njengesibuko, inomhlobiso oqinile, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezobuciko, ehholo elikhulu labantu linesikrini semabula esikhulu futhi esihle kakhulu.Imisebe ye-marble ayinaki neze, futhi ukusabalala kwemabula ku-inthanethi kuyinzwabethi.
Umehluko wentengo ye-marble granite

Imabula ye-Arabescato yokugezela

Nakuba i-granite ne-marble kuyimikhiqizo yamatshe esezingeni eliphezulu, umehluko wamanani mkhulu kakhulu.
Iphethini ye-granite iyodwa, ukushintsha kombala kuncane, ubulili bokuhlobisa abunamandla.Inzuzo inamandla futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, akulula ukuba yonakaliswe, hhayi ukudaywa, esetshenziswa kakhulu ngaphandle.Ama-granite asukela emashumini kuya kumakhulu amadola, kuyilapho uvolo ishibhile futhi ukukhanya kubiza kakhulu.

Ukuthungwa kwemabula kubushelelezi futhi kuntekenteke, ukuguqulwa kokuthungwa kucebile, ikhwalithi enhle inomdwebo wezwe ojwayelekile iphethini ekhangayo, imabula iyimpahla yamatshe yobuciko.Intengo yemabula iyahlukahluka kusuka kumakhulu kuya ezinkulungwaneni zamayuan, kuye ngemvelaphi, intengo yekhwalithi ehlukile inkulu kakhulu.

I-Palissandro imabula emhlophe yokuhlobisa odongeni

Kusukela ezicini, indima kanye nomehluko wamanani, singabona ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili usobala kakhulu.Ngithemba ukuthi okuqukethwe okungenhla kuzokusiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-marble ne-granite.